Die Casting Tooling 101: Cavities, Mold Halves And Clamping Pressure. Die casting tooling may seem innocuous, but this is an integral part of any die casting production. Die casting tooling may also be referred to as die casting molds or die casting dies. In many instances, these are referred to simply as dies or molds. As such, there are 4 types of cavities, depending upon the pieces that are to be made and the sophistication of the machines carrying out the production. These cavities range from the singe cavity die (single, solid component); the multiple cavity die (several similar pieces can be made at the same time using on die); unit dies (dissimilar pieces are processed that usually fit into one workable component); and the combination die or combo die (where the die works with most or all of the other aforementioned functions.) Most assembly line production these days utilizes combo dies.
Die Cast Tooling Dies have two halves: the cover half which remains constant all throughout the processing stage; and the ejector half. The ejector half is not only detachable, but this also contains the spruce holes, the inlets and the runners that are necessary in the construction of very sophisticated pieces.
During processing, the machine usually locks the dies by automatic hydraulic pressure. This clamping pressure is governed by two factors namely: the pressure required for the machine to “force” the molten material within the die cavity and the total projected surface area of the pieces that are supposed to be cast. The former depends on the actual machine being used in the production (hot chamber or cold chamber). The latter depends on the measurement of the die parting line or the part where the two halves of the die actually meets.
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